The Merry Cemetery from Sapanta.
The worldwide fame of Sapânta is due to the unique cemetery that has
become an important tourist attraction. Some days the throngs of
tourists that assault the cemetery with their cameras ready make one
wonder if it really is possible to rest in peace here!
The original character of the cemetery is first of all suggested by
its name: Cimitirul Vesel that means The Merry Cemetery. This
paradoxical name is due to the vivid colours of the crosses and the
amusing or satirical epitaphs carved on them. It is said that this
joyful attitude towards death is a legacy of the Dacians who believed
in the immortality of the soul and that death was only a passage to a
better life. They did not see death as a tragic end, but as a chance to
meet with the supreme god, Zalmoxis.
The cemetery dates back to the mid-1930’s and is the creation of the local folk artist Stan Ioan Patras,
sculptor, painter and poet rolled in one. Patras used all his skills to
create this masterpiece. For half a century the master created hundreds
of wooden crosses, carved in a distinctive style, so famous today.
After his death in 1977, his work has been carried out by his
apprentice, Dumitru Pop Tincu.
A wife takes care of the grave of her husband.
The material used for the crosses is oak, which, after being
properly cut and dried, is carved by hand. On the upper part of each
cross is a bas-relief with a scene that describes the life of the
deceased. The scenes are simple and naïve in style, but have an
undeniable power: they bring back to life the inhabitants of the
village and present their main occupation or a relevant aspect (either
a virtue or a flaw) of their life. There are women spinning wool or
weaving rugs, housewives baking bread, men cutting wood, farmers
ploughing the land, shepherds tending their sheep, carpenters working
the wood, musicians playing their instruments, butchers chopping lambs,
teachers at their desks, alcoholics drinking, and so on.
After the carving is done, the cross is painted. The background colour is a distinctive vivid blue, called “Sapânta blue“.
Then the scene and the geometrical and floral decorations of the
borders are painted with vibrant colours, yellow, red, white and green.
The Merry Cemetery from Sapanta.
No cross is complete without a short poem, a few simple rhymes
(between 7 and 17), carved under the image. The epitaphs are written in
the local dialect. Sincere, spontaneous and written in the first person,
they are messages from the dead persons to the living world. The style
is usually lyrical, but ironic or satirical rhymes are also frequent.
Each poem contains the name of the deceased and presents briefly an
essential aspect of his/her life, personality or habits; they can even
talk about things that happened after the death of the person, at the
burial for example, or describe how death occurred. Bad habits are
humorously presented, but with a deeply moralizing intent.
One famous epitaph is:
Underneath this heavy cross
Lies my mother-in-law poor
Had she lived three days more
I would be here and she would read
You that are passing by
Try not to wake her up
For if she comes back home
She’ll bite my head off
But I will act in the way
That she will not return
Stay here my dear
Mother-in-law.
The grave marker of Stan Ioan Patras, the creator of the Merry Cemetery.
Other poems:
The grave marker of Stan Ioan Patras, the creator of the Merry Cemetery:
Ever since a little boy
I was called Stan Ion Patras
Please listen to me good folks
What I say are not lies
All the days that I lived
I never wished ill for anyone
But all the good that I could
To whoever asked for it
Oh this poor world of mine
So hard was my life in it.
Here I rest
And Gheorghe Pop is my name
Like a handsome mountain fir
I was in my parents’ yard
Young and kind-hearted
There were not many like me in the village
When I finished the army
I bought myself a car
And the whole country I toured
Many friends I found
Many friends that were kind
The way I liked
When I was to live my youth
In the earth I rot.
With these images and the short poems, Stan Ioan Pătraş and Dumitru
Pop Tincu have managed to recreate the entire village at the cemetery
and give the people a second life beyond the grave. The more than 800 painted crosses constitute a vast archive that preserves, carved in wood, the stories of the people of Săpânţa.
